Chemical element · Atomic number 83
Bismuth
Bismuth in the periodic table: atomic number 83, electron configuration, atomic mass, physical data, oxidation states, media credit and visible sources.
Post-transition metal
solid
208.98040 u
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Atomic classification
Shell occupancy
Bismuth in the Bohr shell model
This shows the electron distribution of the neutral atom in a simplified shell model.
- K · n=1
- 2 electrons
- L · n=2
- 8 electrons
- M · n=3
- 18 electrons
- N · n=4
- 32 electrons
- O · n=5
- 18 electrons
- P · n=6
- 5 electrons
- Electron configuration
- [Xe]6s2 4f14 5d10 6p3
- Electrons per shell
- 2 · 8 · 18 · 32 · 18 · 5
- Group
- 15
- Period
- 6
- Block
- P
- Element category
- Post-transition metal
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Physical and chemical properties
- Atomic mass
- 208.98040 u
- Standard state
- solid
- Density
- 9.807 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 544.55 K
- Boiling point
- 1,837 K
- Electronegativity
- 2.02 (Pauling)
- First ionisation energy
- 7.289 eV
- Oxidation states
- +5, +3
- Discovery
- 1753
Safety and periodic classification
Safety
Safe handling cannot be inferred from Bismuth's position in the periodic table alone. Laboratory, classroom and disposal decisions must follow the documentation for the exact material and its safety data sheet.
Position and comparison
Bismuth is in period 6, group 15 and the P block. Its direct neighbours by atomic number are Lead and Polonium. The recorded Pauling electronegativity is 2.02. Periodic trends are compared only through the separately sourced neighbouring values.
Sources and scope
PubChem attributes element data to sources including IUPAC, NIST and IAEA. Quanta stores the referenced snapshot locally and leaves unknown values unavailable.