Chemical element · Atomic number 48

Cadmium

Cadmium in the periodic table: atomic number 48, electron configuration, atomic mass, physical data, oxidation states, media credit and visible sources.

Cd

Transition metal

solid

112.41 u

Data-based representation, not a photograph
48CdCadmium

A locally stored, license-verified sample photograph has not been curated yet.

Data visualization for Cadmium — not a photograph of an element sample.

Atomic classification

Cadmium in the Bohr shell modelThis shows the electron distribution of the neutral atom in a simplified shell model.: 2 · 8 · 18 · 18 · 2

Shell occupancy

Cadmium in the Bohr shell model

This shows the electron distribution of the neutral atom in a simplified shell model.

K · n=1
2 electrons
L · n=2
8 electrons
M · n=3
18 electrons
N · n=4
18 electrons
O · n=5
2 electrons
Shell occupancy is derived from the versioned PubChem electron configuration. Dot angles are schematic and do not represent orbitals.
Electron configuration
[Kr]5s2 4d10
Electrons per shell
2 · 8 · 18 · 18 · 2
Group
12
Period
5
Block
D
Element category
Transition metal

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Physical and chemical properties

Atomic mass
112.41 u
Standard state
solid
Density
8.69 g/cm³
Melting point
594.22 K
Boiling point
1,040 K
Electronegativity
1.69 (Pauling)
First ionisation energy
8.994 eV
Oxidation states
+2
Discovery
1817

Safety and periodic classification

Safety

Safe handling cannot be inferred from Cadmium's position in the periodic table alone. Laboratory, classroom and disposal decisions must follow the documentation for the exact material and its safety data sheet.

Position and comparison

Cadmium is in period 5, group 12 and the D block. Its direct neighbours by atomic number are Silver and Indium. The recorded Pauling electronegativity is 1.69. Periodic trends are compared only through the separately sourced neighbouring values.

Sources and scope

PubChem attributes element data to sources including IUPAC, NIST and IAEA. Quanta stores the referenced snapshot locally and leaves unknown values unavailable.