Chemical element · Atomic number 25
Manganese
Manganese in the periodic table: atomic number 25, electron configuration, atomic mass, physical data, oxidation states, media credit and visible sources.
Transition metal
solid
54.93804 u
Documented element sampleSmall pieces of metallic manganese, two to five millimeters in size.
Image credit: Hi-Res Images of Chemical Elements
Auto-oriented, limited to 1600 × 1200 pixels and re-encoded as WebP; the subject was not altered.
Atomic classification
Shell occupancy
Manganese in the Bohr shell model
This shows the electron distribution of the neutral atom in a simplified shell model.
- K · n=1
- 2 electrons
- L · n=2
- 8 electrons
- M · n=3
- 13 electrons
- N · n=4
- 2 electrons
- Electron configuration
- [Ar]4s2 3d5
- Electrons per shell
- 2 · 8 · 13 · 2
- Group
- 7
- Period
- 4
- Block
- D
- Element category
- Transition metal
Physical and chemical properties
- Atomic mass
- 54.93804 u
- Standard state
- solid
- Density
- 7.3 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 1,519 K
- Boiling point
- 2,334 K
- Electronegativity
- 1.55 (Pauling)
- First ionisation energy
- 7.434 eV
- Oxidation states
- +7, +4, +3, +2
- Discovery
- 1774
Safety and periodic classification
Safety
Safe handling cannot be inferred from Manganese's position in the periodic table alone. Laboratory, classroom and disposal decisions must follow the documentation for the exact material and its safety data sheet.
Position and comparison
Manganese is in period 4, group 7 and the D block. Its direct neighbours by atomic number are Chromium and Iron. The recorded Pauling electronegativity is 1.55. Periodic trends are compared only through the separately sourced neighbouring values.
Sources and scope
PubChem attributes element data to sources including IUPAC, NIST and IAEA. Quanta stores the referenced snapshot locally and leaves unknown values unavailable.
Where Manganese sits among the 118 elements
The table compares the reported values for Manganese with every other element that carries the same value in the snapshot. A rank is not a judgement, it is orientation: it says how unusual this value is across the periodic table.
| Value | Manganese | Position in the data set |
|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 1,519 K | Rank 39 of 103 elements with a reported value. Highest: Carbon. |
| Boiling point | 2,334 K | Rank 52 of 93 elements with a reported value. Highest: Rhenium. |
| Density | 7.3 g/cm³ | Rank 44 of 96 elements with a reported value. Highest: Osmium. |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.55 | Rank 52 of 95 elements with a reported value. Highest: Fluorine. |
| Ionisation energy | 7.434 eV | Rank 45 of 102 elements with a reported value. Highest: Helium. |
All values and ranks come from the PubChem Periodic Table snapshot, retrieved on 2026-07-15. Elements without a reported value are excluded, so the population differs per row.
The neighbours of Manganese in the periodic table
- Place in the table
- Group 7, period 4, D block. Classified as transition metal, solid at standard conditions.
- Direct neighbours
- Atomic number 25. Preceded by Chromium, followed by Iron.
- Same group
- Same number of outer electrons, and therefore similar reactivity to Technetium, Rhenium, Bohrium.
- Discovery
- Recorded in the snapshot as: 1774. Who, where and under what circumstances is not part of that record, so this page carries the sourced year and no discovery narrative.
- Oxidation states
- +7, +4, +3, +2. They follow from the electron configuration [Ar]4s2 3d5 and indicate which compounds to expect.
Go from looking up chemistry to remembering it.
Turn your notes into source-backed study cards and review them at the right time.
Starter stays free · no payment details