Chemical element · Atomic number 23
Vanadium
Vanadium in the periodic table: atomic number 23, electron configuration, atomic mass, physical data, oxidation states, media credit and visible sources.
Transition metal
solid
50.9415 u
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Atomic classification
Shell occupancy
Vanadium in the Bohr shell model
This shows the electron distribution of the neutral atom in a simplified shell model.
- K · n=1
- 2 electrons
- L · n=2
- 8 electrons
- M · n=3
- 11 electrons
- N · n=4
- 2 electrons
- Electron configuration
- [Ar]4s2 3d3
- Electrons per shell
- 2 · 8 · 11 · 2
- Group
- 5
- Period
- 4
- Block
- D
- Element category
- Transition metal
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Physical and chemical properties
- Atomic mass
- 50.9415 u
- Standard state
- solid
- Density
- 6 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 2,183 K
- Boiling point
- 3,680 K
- Electronegativity
- 1.63 (Pauling)
- First ionisation energy
- 6.746 eV
- Oxidation states
- +5, +4, +3, +2
- Discovery
- 1801
Safety and periodic classification
Safety
Safe handling cannot be inferred from Vanadium's position in the periodic table alone. Laboratory, classroom and disposal decisions must follow the documentation for the exact material and its safety data sheet.
Position and comparison
Vanadium is in period 4, group 5 and the D block. Its direct neighbours by atomic number are Titanium and Chromium. The recorded Pauling electronegativity is 1.63. Periodic trends are compared only through the separately sourced neighbouring values.
Sources and scope
PubChem attributes element data to sources including IUPAC, NIST and IAEA. Quanta stores the referenced snapshot locally and leaves unknown values unavailable.